Research Autism/Diet/GI

Autism and Diet Study Guide

This is not intended as medical advice, it is for research purposes only. This is also a rough draft and will be expanded on in the future. This is not to promote any particular diet. It is intended to help parents and other interested parties be aware of research and information that is available on the subject of autism, diet and gi dysfunction.

-Articles
-Current Research Specifically for Autism (updated 8/29/2012)
-Vitamins, Minerals and Other Nutrients (updated 4/7/2013)
-Special Diets, Picky Eating,  and Malnutrition Concerns(updated 11/20/2011)
-Food Allergy and Gut Dysfunction
-All in the Family (updated 8/19/2011)
-Why Gluten?
-Those Crazy Yeast Theories
-Other Links

Articles

Studies Implicate Gut Bacteria in Autism http://gottschallcenter.com/?p=357

Autism and the Human Gut Flora by Dr. Max Bingham published on the Environmental Illness Resouce

Autism test could make the condition 'preventable' By Richard Alleyne, Science Correspondent
Published: 6:00PM BST 03 Jun 2010 by the Telegraph

Autism: It's Not Just in the Head by Jill Neimark Discover Magazine April 2007 http://discovermagazine.com/2007/apr/autism-it2019s-not-just-in-the-head/article_view

Autism: a rising problem Original Internist, Sept, 2003 by Nikhil V. Jathar, Vithal S. Jathar http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0FDL/is_3_10/ai_n18616482/

Current Research

A Microbial Association with Autism www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3280447/pdf/mBio.00019-12.pdf


Low Relative Abundances of the Mucolytic Bacterium Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium spp. in Feces of Children with Autism wwwncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3187122/.

Gut Microbiota and Pediatric Disease www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22179208

Impaired Carbohydrate Digestion and Transport and Mucosal Dysbiosis in the Intestines of Children with Autism and Gastrointestinal Disturbances
www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0024585

Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) who exhibit chronic gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and marked fluctuation of behavioral symptoms exhibit distinct innate immune abnormalities and transcriptional profiles of peripheral blood (PB) monocytes. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21803429


Gastrointestinal flora and gastrointestinal status in children with autism -- comparisons to neurotypical children and correlation with autism severity. www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-230x-11-22.pdf

Intestinal Microflora of Autistic Children http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21114016

Biomedical Treatments for Autistism Spectrum Disorders Scientific References and Abstracts. A site maintained to offer medical literature on the biomedical interventions in autism.

Alterations of the Intestinal Barrier in Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorders and in Their First-degree Relatives http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20683204

Pyrosequencing study of fecal microflora of autistic and control children. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20603222

Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders in Individuals With ASDs: A Consensus Report in Journal of Pediatrics Published online January 4, 2010 http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/125/Supplement_1/S1

Listen to Speech from Maine CDC Autism Conference 2009
Gastrointestinal and Nutritional Co-Morbidities in Autism by Timothy Biue, M.D. ( Pediatric Gastroenterologist, LADDERS Program, MassGeneral Hospital for Children Harvard Medical School)
http://www.wellsphere.com/autism-autism-spectrum-article/the-media-misrepresents-tim-buie-on-dietary-intervention-in-autism/937023

Gastrointestinal Illness In Autism: An Interview with Tim Buie, M.D. by Kulani Mahikoa In Autism Advocate http://www.autism-society.org/site/DocServer/Pages_32-34EH.pdf?docID=10446

Is There a Link Between Autism and the Gut? Interview with Timothy Buie, M.D. http://www.mgh.harvard.edu/children/specialtiesandservices/ladders/autism_and_the_gut.aspx

Autism spectrum disorders and allergy: observation from a pediatric allergy/immunology clinic http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20441426

Innate immunity associated with inflammatory responses and cytokine production against common dietary proteins in patients with autism spectrum disorder. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12378124

Syndrome of allergy, apraxia, and malabsorption: characterization of a neurodevelopmental phenotype that responds to omega 3 and vitamin E supplementation http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19623831

Gastrointestinal symptoms in a sample of children with pervasive developmental disorders.  http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18791817

The ScanBrit randomised, controlled, single-blind study of a gluten- and casein-free dietary intervention for children with autism spectrum disorders. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20406576

Effectiveness of the Gluten‐Free, Casein‐Free Dietary Treatment for Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Based on Parental Report www.docstoc.com/docs/43562500/Effectiveness-of-the-Gluten-Free-Casein-Free-Dietary-Treatment-for

Autistic Disorder and GI Disease by Karoly Horvath M.D.,Ph.D. and Jay A. Perman M.D. www.direct-ms.org/pdf/LeakyGutOther/Horvath.pdf

Gastointestinal Pathology in Autism: Description and Treatment Arthur Kriggsman, M.D. www.medicalveritas.com/AKrigsman.pdf

Gut Microorganisms and Autism: the Latest Research This site is loaded with research! www.microbialinfluence.com

The Autism Research Institute also has Advances In Research : Table Of Contentswhich has links to research abstracts on autism related health topics

Vitamins, Minerals and other Nutrients

Nutritional and metabolic status of children with autism vs. neurotypical children, and the association with autism severity. Nutrition and Metabolism 6/2011 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3135510/

Infantile zinc deficiency: Association with autism spectrum disorders www.nature.com/srep/2011/111103/srep00129/full/srep00129.html


Special Diets, Picky Eating, and Malnutrition Concerns

Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting - Lack of Food Variety Puts Kids with Autism at Risk for Poor Nutrition http://www.fabresearch.org/1367

Does nutritional intake differ between children with autism spectrum disorders and children with typical development? http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18600441

Dietary intake and parents' perception of mealtime behaviors in preschool-age children with autism spectrum disorder and in typically developing children.

Reduced bone cortical thickness in boys with autism or autism spectrum disorder http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17879151

Adherence to food-based dietary guidelines and evaluation of nutrient intake in 7-year-old children http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19656438

Gluten and casein free diets in autism: a study of the effects on food choice and nutrition. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12153499

Dysregulated innate immune responses in young children with autism spectrum disorders: their relationship to gastrointestinal symptoms and dietary intervention. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15741748

Food Allergy and Gut Dysfunction

Article: Autism Spectrum Disorders and Allergy: Possible Effects of Allergic & Nonallergic Disorders on Cognition & Behavioral Symptoms www.medscape.com/viewarticle/721702_3

Non-IgE mediated food allergy http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18782024

Neuroimmune interaction and anorectal motility in children with food allergy-related chronic constipation. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19174791

Educational clinical case series for pediatric allergy and immunology: allergic proctocolitis, food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome and allergic eosinophilic gastroenteritis with protein-losing gastroenteropathy as manifestations of non-IgE-mediated cow's milk allergy. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17584315

Allergic gastrointestinal motility disorders in infancy and early childhood.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18713339

Gastrointestinal manifestations of food allergies in pediatric patients. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16207693

The spectrum of gastrointestinal allergies to food. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6391292

Colonic lymphoid nodular hyperplasia in children: relationship to food hypersensitivity. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17368236

Association of eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders with other atopic disorders. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19141344

The link between allergies and eosinophilic esophagitis: implications for management strategies. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20161677

Clinical presentation of feeding dysfunction in children with eosinophilic gastrointestinal disease. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19141342

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in children and adolescents with regard to food intolerance http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17357334

Food elimination based on IgG antibodies in irritable bowel syndrome: a randomised controlled trial. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15361495

All in the Family

The prevalence of gastrointestinal problems in children across the United States with autism spectrum disorders from families with multiple affected members. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21555957


Association of family history of autoimmune diseases and autism spectrum disorders. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19581261

Gastrointestinal symptoms in children with an autism spectrum disorder and language regression. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19027584

Increased prevalence of familial autoimmunity in probands with pervasive developmental disorders. http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/cgi/content/full/112/5/e420

Familial clustering of autoimmune disorders and evaluation of medical risk factors in autism http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10385847

Distinct genetic risk based on association of MET in families with co-occurring autism and gastrointestinal conditions. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19255034

Familial association between type 1 diabetes and other autoimmune and related diseases. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19543881

Familial association of inflammatory bowel diseases with other autoimmune and related diseases. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19707191

Familial associations of rheumatoid arthritis with autoimmune diseases and related conditions. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19248111

Mannose-binding lectin and maladies of the bowel and liver. http://www.wjgnet.com/1007-9327/12/6420.asp

Why Gluten?

[The predictive value of antigliadin antibodies (AGA) in the diagnosis of non-celiac gastrointestinal disease in children] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8341233

Gliadin, zonulin and gut permeability: Effects on celiac and non-celiac intestinal mucosa and intestinal cell lines. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16635908

Tight junctions, intestinal permeability, and autoimmunity: celiac disease and type 1 diabetes paradigms http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19538307

Zonulin upregulation is associated with increased gut permeability in subjects with type 1 diabetes and their relatives http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16644703

Role of Intestinal Bacteria in Gliadin-Induced Changes in Intestinal Mucosa: Study in Germ-Free Ratswww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3020961

Those Crazy Yeast Theories

Yeasts: neglected pathogens http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20203505

Ecology of Candida albicans gut colonization: inhibition of Candida adhesion, colonization, and dissemination from the gastrointestinal tract by bacterial antagonism. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3897061

Antibodies against glucan, chitin, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannan as new biomarkers of Candida albicans infection that complement tests based on C. albicans mannan. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2593178/?tool=pubmed

Cleavage of E-cadherin: a mechanism for disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier by Candida albicans. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17383595

Aberrant responses to TLR agonists in pediatric IBD patients; the possible association with increased production of Th1/Th17 cytokines in response to candida, a luminal antigen. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19725895

Candida albicans is an immunogen for anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody markers of Crohn's disease http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16697740

[Anti-glycan antibodies establish an unexpected link between C. albicans and Crohn disease] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19480828

Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies in coeliac disease. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17558905

Disappearance of anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies in coeliac disease during a gluten-free diet http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16357623

Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies are frequent in type 1 diabetes http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20387011

Diagnostic Role and Clinical Association of ASCA and ANCA in Brazilian Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19826949

Serological markers in inflammatory bowel disease: a review of their clinical utility. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19858012

Intestinal barrier gene variants may not explain the increased levels of antigliadin antibodies, suggesting other mechanisms than altered permeability. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20096742

Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies--a novel serologic marker for Behçet's disease. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12371630/

Effect of Candida albicans cell wall glucan as adjuvant for induction of autoimmune arthritis in mice. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16242302

Preventive strategy for Candida gut translocation during ischemia-reperfusion injury supervening on protein-calorie malnutrition. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16412035


Other Links

Roos Clues a blog by a mother of an almost recovered son. She discusses research and other topics on autism and autoimmunity

Behavioural Neurotherapy Clinic "ADHD, Adult ADHD, Learning Difficulties, Dyslexia, autism and IBS have underlying causes, which we are committed to investigating and treating. " www.adhd.com.au

The Seat of the Soul; The Origins of the Autism Epidemic by ANDREW WAKEFIELD, MB, BS, FRCS, FRCPath Presented at Carnegie Mellon University, November 17, 2005 (By a controversial figure in autism, but well worth reading). http://www.whale.to/v/wakefield23.html

Stan Kurtz A parent-researcher-autism activist www.stankurtz.com